Grain market: logistics development

Abstract

Ukraine is considered to be the breadbasket of Europe, but weak development of logistics in Ukraine does not allow to use the enormous potential of the grain market. In Ukraine there are different subjects of the grain market, including: the subjects of grain production, grain storage subjects, subjects of state regulation of the grain market, the subjects of trade, financial and subjects of settlement services, the subjects of transport and logistics systems, and other business entities that operate in the grain market. Studies have shown the importance of the use of Incoterms 2010 for international logistics processes. Built author's model of the logistics of the grain market, including major operators and their relationships. By logistics operators of the grain market are agricultural enterprises (foundation of a stable development of logistics); Enterprises of grain storage (providing services to bring grain to the conditions and its storage) – or are part of the infrastructure of the enterprise or independent business entities; grain traders and other intermediaries (providing services of loading, unloading, transportation of grain, as well as acquire and implement their own bought grain from primary producers to processing enterprises or for export); processing plants (purchase grain from agricultural enterprises or cooperate with large grain traders may have its own fleet of trucks); Agricultural Exchange (intermediaries in the grain market, provide services on the conclusion of contracts of sale of grain on the domestic and foreign markets using exchange instruments – commodity derivatives); Agrarian Fund (specialized government agency conducting the regulation of pricing policy on the grain market by commodity and financial interventions); financial and credit institutions (serving the main participants of the logistics process, provide loans for the development of the infrastructure of the grain market); insurance companies (service providers in reducing financial risks through the use of various insurance instruments). Negative impact on the development of the logistics of the grain market in many regions of Ukraine have graintraders company monopolized the sale of grain agricultural enterprises, reducing the profitability of recent and long-term capital investments in infrastructure construction Grain logistics.